Formulas contain information to perform a numerical calculation such as adding, subtracting, or multiplying. All formulas must start with an equal sign (=), followed by:
- Values or cell references joined by an operator. Example: =5+3 or =A1+A2.
- A function name followed by parentheses containing function arguments. Functions are the most common way to enter formulas in Sheets. Example: =SUM(A1:A2).
Create a Formula
- Select the cell where you want to enter a formula.
- Press =.
- Enter the formula.
- Add cells by clicking them or typing their cell reference.
- Operators include:
+ (add)
- (subtract)
* (multiply)
/ (divide)
- Press Enter when you're finished.
If you entered the formula correctly, the results of the formula will appear in the cell.
| Operator | Formula Example | Description |
|---|---|---|
| = | All formulas must start with an equal sign. | |
| + | =2+2 | Adds values. |
| - | =A1-B1 | Subtracts values. |
| * | =B1*2 | Multiplies values. |
| / | =A1/C2 | Divides values. |
| SUM | =SUM(A1:A3) | Totals numbers in a range. |
| AVERAGE | =AVERAGE(A2,B1,C3) | Averages numbers in a range. |
Update a Formula Result
Every time a cell that a formula references is updated, the formula result updates as well. Let's see that in action.
- Formulas will automatically recalculate when changes are made to referenced cells.
Edit a Formula
- Select the cell where you want to edit a formula.
- Click in the formula bar.
- Edit the formula in the formula bar.
- Press Enter.
The formula is edited based on the changes you made to it.
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